Presentation Title
Effect of Smoking on Proteinuria in Hypertensive Patients
Faculty Mentor
Prabal K. Guha
Start Date
17-11-2018 12:30 PM
End Date
17-11-2018 2:30 PM
Location
HARBESON 55
Session
POSTER 2
Type of Presentation
Poster
Subject Area
health_nutrition_clinical_science
Abstract
Renal function is adversely affected by many disease processes, like Hypertension, Diabetes, as well as various nephrotoxic agents. like nonsteroidals, chemotherapy drugs, aminoglycosides, etc. Mechanisms of renal injury vary. Diseases like Diabetes directly affect the glomerular basement membrane. Hypertension and several nephrotoxic agents can cause interstitial and tubular damage resulting in impaired renal function. Proteinuria, is an early phenomenon of most renal disease processes and can easily be identified in primary care setting using dipstick analysis. Nicotine is known to be a powerful vasoconstrictor, as evidenced by the fact that it significantly worsens vascular disease, and it potentially may be causing renal arteriolar vasoconstriction, thereby increasing intraglomerular pressure, and hence proteinuria. Another possible mechanism is that nicotine may cause direct endothelial damage, and hence proteinuria. Successive patients with hypertension seen within 2016-2018 who presented to a primary care physician’s office were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of smoking. The presence or absence of proteinuria was tested in both groups using a urine dipstick. Patients with pre-existing renal disease, pregnancy, known autoimmune diseases, current urinary tract infection, known vascular disease and age<18 were excluded from the study. 106 successive patients were evaluated and divided into 2 groups based on their smoking habit. 69% [36/52] of smokers had proteinuria as compared to 55% [30/54] of nonsmokers [p=0.073 calculated using 2 populations proportions z-test].
Though the study did not meet statistical significance, it shows a trend towards higher prevalence of proteinuria in hypertensives who are smokers.
Effect of Smoking on Proteinuria in Hypertensive Patients
HARBESON 55
Renal function is adversely affected by many disease processes, like Hypertension, Diabetes, as well as various nephrotoxic agents. like nonsteroidals, chemotherapy drugs, aminoglycosides, etc. Mechanisms of renal injury vary. Diseases like Diabetes directly affect the glomerular basement membrane. Hypertension and several nephrotoxic agents can cause interstitial and tubular damage resulting in impaired renal function. Proteinuria, is an early phenomenon of most renal disease processes and can easily be identified in primary care setting using dipstick analysis. Nicotine is known to be a powerful vasoconstrictor, as evidenced by the fact that it significantly worsens vascular disease, and it potentially may be causing renal arteriolar vasoconstriction, thereby increasing intraglomerular pressure, and hence proteinuria. Another possible mechanism is that nicotine may cause direct endothelial damage, and hence proteinuria. Successive patients with hypertension seen within 2016-2018 who presented to a primary care physician’s office were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of smoking. The presence or absence of proteinuria was tested in both groups using a urine dipstick. Patients with pre-existing renal disease, pregnancy, known autoimmune diseases, current urinary tract infection, known vascular disease and age<18 were excluded from the study. 106 successive patients were evaluated and divided into 2 groups based on their smoking habit.>69% [36/52] of smokers had proteinuria as compared to 55% [30/54] of nonsmokers [p=0.073 calculated using 2 populations proportions z-test].
Though the study did not meet statistical significance, it shows a trend towards higher prevalence of proteinuria in hypertensives who are smokers.